Nasal vaccines, also known as intranasal vaccines, are administered through the nose to elicit immune response at the site of infection. These vaccines produce both systemic and mucosal immunity by stimulating antibody production in the nose as well as the rest of the body. Nasal vaccines offer several advantages over injectable vaccines such as ease of self-administration, elimination of sharps waste, needle stick injuries, and lower cold storage requirements. They can also induce protective immunity against respiratory pathogens within a few days of administration. The global nasal vaccines market is driven by the rising need for thermostable and non-invasive vaccination methods especially during pandemics. Increasing preference for vaccines that are needle-free and provide first-line defense against respiratory infections is also fueling market growth.
The Global nasal vaccines market is estimated to be valued at US$ 480.16 Bn in 2024 and is expected to exhibit a CAGR of 5.7% over the forecast period 2024 to 2030.
Key Takeaways
Key players operating in the Global Nasal Vaccines Market Demand are Fresenius SE & Co. KgaA, Glenmark Pharmaceuticals, Carlsbad Tech, GlaxoSmithKline PLC, Zydus Cadila, Epi Health LLC, Viatris Inc., Apotex Inc., Teva Pharmaceuticals Industries Ltd., and Emcure Pharmaceuticals Ltd (Avet Pharmaceuticals Inc.), among others. These players are focusing on developing thermostable nasal vaccines to facilitate distribution in low and middle-income countries.
The market is witnessing several opportunities for innovation in development of new delivery platforms, adjuvants, and nasal formulations of existing vaccines. Advancements in vector technologies, such as live attenuated viral vectors and bacterial vectors are enabling development of more efficacious nasal vaccines.
Major players are expanding globally to increase access to nasal vaccines. For instance, GlaxoSmithKline expanded manufacturing of its flu vaccine FluMist in China. Additionally, partnerships with governments and international organizations are helping drive large clinical trials and global availability of nasal vaccines.
Market Drivers
Growing prevalence of respiratory infections worldwide due to changing demographics, pollution, and climate change is driving the demand for preventive nasal vaccines. According to WHO, respiratory diseases caused over 4 million deaths in 2019.
Increasing R&D investments by government and private entities to develop thermostable nasal vaccines is expected to fuel market growth. For example, the US government funded over $16 million from 2014-2019 in development of stable nasal vaccines.
Market Restrains
Complex nasal anatomy and physiology hinders effective delivery and immune response to certain nasal vaccine formulations. Further research is required to understand nasal absorption mechanisms.
High costs associated with clinical development and production of nasal vaccines as compared to injectable vaccines restrains market growth. Setting up large scale manufacturing units for nasal vaccines requires sizable investments.
Segment Analysis
The Nasal Vaccines Market is dominated by Live-Attenuated Vaccines which accounted for around 55% share in 2020. Live-attenuated vaccines provide longer-lasting and broader protection compared to subunit or killed vaccines. The antigens produced from live-attenuated vaccines closely resemble the natural occurring infections which stimulate both systemic and mucosal immune responses. This helps in quicker response against the pathogens. Subunit & killed vaccines segment is expected to witness highest growth during the forecast period owing to rising adoption of these vaccines for influenza immunization.
Global Analysis
Regionally, North America is expected to dominate the Nasal Vaccines Market during the forecast period. This is attributed to presence of major players, high awareness about disease prevention, and supportive vaccination programs in the region. Europe is anticipated to be the second-most-lucrative market due to increasing burden of chronic respiratory diseases. However, Asia Pacific is projected to register highest growth rate owning to large patient pool, improving healthcare infrastructure, and rising government funding for immunization in developing countries such as India and China. The market in Latin America and Middle East & Africa is still at nascent stage.
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