What are Lidocaine Patches?
Lidocaine patches are a type of topical analgesic patch used to relieve pain. Lidocaine is a local anesthetic that works by reversing the sensations of pain signals sent to the brain. It temporarily blocks sodium channels in nerve cell membranes, inhibiting the conduction of pain signals. Lidocaine patches work by continuously delivering lidocaine through the skin directly to the skin and nerve endings below. This reduces discomfort and allows patients to do daily activities with less pain.
How do Lidocaine Patches Work?
Lidocaine patches contain 5% lidocaine formulated in an adhesive patch. When applied to intact skin, the patch adheres and releases lidocaine through the skin layers over a period of 12 hours. After penetrating the outer skin layers, the lidocaine is delivered to nociceptors - the nerve endings that detect pain signals. Here it prevents the nerve endings from sending those pain signals by blocking the neurotransmitter sodium ions. This results in localized numbness of the applied area. The lidocaine is slowly released from the patches over 12 hours, providing continuous pain relief during that time.
Approved Uses for Lidocaine Patches
Lidocaine patches have been approved by the FDA for relief of pain associated with postherpetic neuralgia (PHN), also known as shingles pain. PHN is a painful condition that can sometimes persist after a shingles infection has cleared. Lidocaine patches work well for treating the ongoing burning, stabbing or shooting pain of PHN. In addition, lidocaine patches are commonly prescribed off-label for other types of neuropathic and post-surgical pain. Some common uses include:
- Back pain
- Joint pain
- Pain from spinal stenosis or slipped discs
- Shoulder pain
- Knee pain
- Leg pain
- Carpal tunnel syndrome pain
- Post-surgical pain relief
Understanding How to Use Lidocaine Patches
It is important to use lidocaine patches exactly as instructed by your healthcare provider or pharmacist. Some common guidelines for using lidocaine patches include:
- Apply the patch to a clean, dry area of affected skin and avoid reapplying over the same area for at least a few hours.
- Only use patches on intact skin without any open wounds, rashes or infections.
- Do not apply heat like a heating pad over the patches.
- Replace the patch every 12 hours and do not wear the same patch longer than advised.
- Do not cut or alter the size of the patches in any way before applying.
- Apply patches to areas suggested by your doctor only and not over large joints or on thin fragile skin.
- Wash hands after handling used patches which can contain residual lidocaine.
- Store unused patches in their sealed foil packages at room temperature.
- Report any increased pain, new symptoms or adverse effects to your doctor.
Potential Side Effects of Lidocaine Patches
Lidocaine patches are generally well-tolerated for most patients. However, some common side effects may include skin irritation, redness or itching at the application site. Allergic reactions are rare but possible in patients sensitive or allergic to lidocaine. Dizziness, numbness or vomiting may also occur in some cases. Serious side effects are quite rare when lidocaine patches are used as directed under medical supervision. Consult your doctor immediately if any severe symptoms develop.
Lidocaine Patches - An Effective Non-Narcotic Pain Relief Option
For many patients suffering from neuropathic or other types of chronic localized pain, lidocaine patches provide a safe and effective non-narcotic treatment option. By delivering lidocaine topically through the skin, they avoid potential side effects of oral medications. Lidocaine patches have proven ability to reduce PHN pain as well as other pain types in suitable patients. When used exactly as prescribed along with other advised therapies, lidocaine patches can relieve discomfort and improve mobility and quality of life. Proper education on application and monitoring for side effects is important for optimal lidocaine patch therapy.
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