Hello readers, today we are going to start a new unit, that is Human Embryology. This unit is going to be useful for you in two ways.
· First, you study it in the anatomy part in the first year.
· Second, when you reach your final year, there is a subject called obstetrics.
We will discuss human embryology there as well. It is very important, it is going to be useful in two ways, so study it carefully.
Let's understand what is embryology and what is human embryology?
You know that your life starts from a single cell called zygote. Zygote is the first cell of the human body. You know how it is formed; male sperm is fused with female ovum or egg and these two are fused together to form zygote. You know that zygote has multiple time divisions and differentiation, which results in fetus birth.
So, basically what is embryology?
If we study the process from zygote to fetus, then it is called embryology. When a fetus is born from a zygote, then what is the growth and development of the zygote. This whole study is called embryology. It is the story of the formation of this fetus. How did this fetus form from this zygote? How did it grow? How did it develop? This whole story is called embryology.
Zygote is the first cell of the human body. This is where life starts How is it formed? Fertilization occurs between the male gamete and female gamete. What is the male gamete? What is the female gamete? Ovum or egg How does this sperm come from? It comes from the male. How does it form in the male?
It forms in the male through a process called spermatogenesis. The process of spermatogenesis occurs in the testis of the male. Basically, spermatogenesis occurs in the testis of the male. The sperm is formed with the help of spermatogenesis. This sperm goes to the female's body. From whom does it fuse? It fuses with ovum, which we call egg. Both of them fuse together. This process is called fertilization. And from this, a zygote is formed. The ovum that is formed in the female, is formed in the ovary and this process is called oogenesis.
Embryology can be of different animals. It can be of an elephant or a dog, but since we have to discuss about humans, we will discuss about human embryology.
So, who gave the term embryology?
Caspar Friedrich Wolf gave it. In some places, Martin Turing gave it, but Caspar is more appropriate. But we talked about embryology… Now let's talk about who gave the term human embryology. It was given by Wilhelm His whom do we call the father of human embryology? We call it Wilhelm His. If we talk about the father of Indian human embryology, it is Indrabir Singh.
What is obstetrics?
Obstetrics is a big branch of medical science It is a branch of medical science In which we focus on three things:
· First, process of pregnancy Process of pregnancy. That is about embryology. How a child is developed in the uterus of the mother. How a foetus is developed from the zygote. So, this is what we study in obstetrics
· Second, delivery. Which is called parturition. We study about parturition in detail- How parturition can be easily effective with proper care.
· Along with this, we discuss postnatal care Postnatal care. Postnatal care is about the care of a newborn. It is called postnatal care. Postnatal care is about the care of a newborn. So, these three studies are in obstetrics.
So, obstetrics is a branch of medical science in which we study physiological and pathological process of pregnancy and process of delivery. We also ensure the health and well-being of both mother and newborn. So, these three things are studied in a branch of medical science which is called obstetrics.
Embryology is just this part Process of pregnancy. One word used with obstetrics is gynaecology, and often students are confused about what is obstetrics and what is gynaecology. Gynaecology is another branch of medical science in which we study the reproductive system of female. There is no abnormality or disorder in the reproductive organs. So, if we study the reproductive system of a female or the abnormality, disorder or disease of her reproductive organs then it comes under gynaecology. One more thing is included in gynaecology is the physical care of the reproductive system of women. We also include how a woman can keep her reproductive system healthy, how can she take care of her body. We discuss the abnormality, disorder, disease. We also discuss how a female can take care of her reproductive system.
Development of Human Birth
In this section, we are going to see a small timeline of the birth of a baby. How it starts and how its life goes. So, basically if we talk about the birth of a baby, how is the birth done? Sperm comes from the male and ovum or egg is in the female… both of them make a zygote. The sperm enters the female's body The sperm has a life span of 2 days. The ovum was present at that time or came later, so you cannot conclude the exact date of fertilization or when this zygote was formed, you cannot conclude that. So, basically what we do, whenever a pregnant female comes to us, we ask her when was her last menstrual period. We also assume that the menstruation cycle of a female is of 28 days, which is an ideal. It is not necessary that everyone has 28 days. It is ideal, so we have to take an approximation. Because we cannot conclude the exact date of fertilization or zygote formation. After 2 weeks on the 14th day we assume that Ovulation and fertilization. And it forms a ball like structure called morula. Morula is the uterus of a female.
Till implantation is not done, pregnancy is not considered Implantation happens on the 21st day, that is the 3rd week.
Advanced Courses in Embryology
Medline Academics’ Advanced Embryology Course is designed for students from around the world working in reproductive medicine and that would include doctors, embryologists, scientists, nurses, counsellors, so really the whole range of specialists working within this field. Our students come from diverse backgrounds and some want to be embryologists, some are doctors, some want to be scientists. The way that this course was designed is a perfect way, that it delivers the perfect package. However, before applying for the course do check for the embryology course eligibility. This institution has got a mixed group of people teaching students, we've got clinicians, we've got andrologists, we've got people who are into research who are teaching. You see the clinical parts like the actual pickup of the eggs or you know how the multidisciplinary team that has your embryologists, it has your gynaecologists, it has your nurses, how they speak to the patient, how they take them through the entire treatment process in detail and with such ease and you know it just makes the patient very comfortable.
At the best IVF Hospital in Bangalore, Dr. Kamini Rao Hospitals, you also get the chance to interact with experts in their fields, with gynaecologists, with embryologists etc. What's unique about our course is that all our students get exposed to real working life in a Clinical Assisted Conception Unit. It is one of the rare courses worldwide that couples both theoretical and research with the clinical aspect of the Assisted Conception. The students become involved in doing various practical procedures such as vitrification of embryos, ICSI procedures, sperm selection and sometimes this links into their research projects as well, so each student gets to select a research project, some of which are more clinical, maybe based on patients and data we collect in the IVF unit, some are more lab-based. It brings it all together and we've got patient follow-ups, we actually get to talk to the patient, take their history etc.
Some of our previous alumni now are lab managers or lead clinicians within their service but for others it allows them the stepping stone to start in reproductive medicine. Some of our students will develop the research skills to then take them down a more academic career and for many of our students they will then consider doing a PhD. This is the place and this is the course for you, trust me, it is everything that you want and more.
This course is recommended for anyone who wants to pursue a degree, let's say, that opens the route into either a practical or professional life or going to academia, for example, seeking a PhD or post-doctoral degree. This course is an amazing combination of both but you should also enquire about the embryology course fee.
